--- title: "What the documents show" url: https://smud.mateosmud.xyz/en/family-tree/documents/ lang: en work: "The Smud Family: A Jewish Family History from Ludza, Latvia to Entre Ríos, Argentina" author: "Mateo Smud" licence: CC0-1.0 summary: "Only the filiations an archival document shows: the 1858 Novy Zlatopol census, the 1899 Mariupol birth record and the 1904 immigration register. It starts with Falk, the first name a document gives, and does not go up through the women beyond their parents." --- # What the documents show Only the filiations an archival document shows: the 1858 Novy Zlatopol census, the 1899 Mariupol birth record and the 1904 immigration register. It starts with Falk, the first name a document gives, and does not go up through the women beyond their parents. This is the smallest tree and the firmest. Every filiation comes from a document this research has read, and each says exactly what that document shows: sometimes it names the father and the mother, sometimes only one, and sometimes the link follows from the household someone lives in. What is missing here is not refuted: it is undocumented. Felix's siblings who do not appear in the 1858 census, the generations before Falk and the ancestries of Khana and Chana have, for now, no paper that shows them. ## Filiation by filiation - **David Zmud** — father: Falk Zhmood — documented. “Давидъ Фаликовъ”: David, son of Falik. (The 1858 census) - **Koppel Zhmood** — father: David Zmud — documented. “Его сыновья 1. Копель”: Kopel, David's son, aged 20. (The 1858 census) - **Koppel Zhmood** — mother: Khana Reizel — compatible with the documents. Khana is David's wife in the same household. The census does not say “son of Khana”: that she is his mother fits the ages. (The 1858 census) - **Falk Zhmood, the Nogaysk merchant** — father: David Zmud — documented. Falko, David's son, aged 18. His Nogaysk gravestone also calls him son of David. (The 1858 census) - **Leyzer Zhmood** — father: David Zmud — documented. Leyzer, David's son, aged 7. (The 1858 census) - **Dvorka** — father: Aba Senderov Zmudya — documented. “Дворка Абова”: Dvorka, daughter of Aba. The 1852 list records her aged 14 in Aba's household. (The 1858 census) - **Dvorka** — mother: Chana — compatible with the documents. Chana is Aba's wife in the 1852 list. That she is Dvorka's mother and not her stepmother no paper says. (Relationships among the Komisaruk, Zmood and Yovel families, according to Freedman (2020)) - **Moshe Zhmood** — father: Koppel Zhmood — documented. “Копеля сынъ Мовша”: Movsha, Kopel's son, aged 2 in 1858. (The 1858 census) - **Moshe Zhmood** — mother: Dvorka — compatible with the documents. Dvorka is Kopel's wife in the same household; the census does not name her as the mother. (The 1858 census) - **Felix Smud** — father: Koppel Zhmood — documented. His son's birth record calls him Falik, son of Kopel. (Marcos's birth record) - **Felix Smud** — mother: Dvorka — compatible with the documents. No document names his mother. That she is Dvorka, married to Kopel since before 1858, fits the dates. (The 1858 census) - **Malke Noel** — father: Meyer — documented. Ester Malka, daughter of Meyer. (Marcos's birth record) - **Marcos Smud** — father: Felix Smud; mother: Malke Noel — documented. Meyer, son of Falik and Ester Malka, born in Mariupol on 25 January 1899. (Marcos's birth record) - **Alejandro Smud** — mother: Malke Noel — documented. Alex, aged 7, travels with “Malke Noel de Smud” and the other children. (The 1904 immigration register) - **Alejandro Smud** — father: Felix Smud — compatible with the documents. The register does not name the father: Malke travels as “de Smud”, Felix's wife, and the family always gave him as the father. (The 1904 immigration register) - **Aida Smud** — mother: Malke Noel — documented. Eide, aged 6 months, travels with “Malke Noel de Smud” and the other children. (The 1904 immigration register) - **Aida Smud** — father: Felix Smud — compatible with the documents. The register does not name the father: Malke travels as “de Smud”, Felix's wife, and the family always gave him as the father. (The 1904 immigration register) ## The tree in this version - Falk Zhmood (c. 1797 – 1840) — https://smud.mateosmud.xyz/en/people/falk-zhmood/ - David Zmud (c. 1818 – 1880) — https://smud.mateosmud.xyz/en/people/david-zhmuydya/ - married to Khana Reizel - Falk Zhmood, the Nogaysk merchant (c. 1840 – 1904) — https://smud.mateosmud.xyz/en/people/falk-zhmood-nogaysk/ - Koppel Zhmood (c. 1838 – c. 1900) — https://smud.mateosmud.xyz/en/people/koppel-zhmood/ - married to Dvorka (child of Aba Senderov Zmudya and Chana) - Felix Smud (c. 1860/68 – c. 1909) — https://smud.mateosmud.xyz/en/people/felix-smud/ - married to Malke Noel (child of Meyer) - Aida Smud (1904 – 1992) — https://smud.mateosmud.xyz/en/people/aida-smud/ - Alejandro Smud (1897 – 1959) — https://smud.mateosmud.xyz/en/people/alejandro-smud/ - Marcos Smud (1899 – 1951) — https://smud.mateosmud.xyz/en/people/marcos-smud/ - Moshe Zhmood - Leyzer Zhmood (s. XIX) ## The other versions - This research — https://smud.mateosmud.xyz/en/family-tree/ - FamilySearch's collaborative tree — https://smud.mateosmud.xyz/en/family-tree/familysearch/ - The JewishGen trees — https://smud.mateosmud.xyz/en/family-tree/jewishgen/ - Chaim Freedman, February 2020 — https://smud.mateosmud.xyz/en/family-tree/freedman-february-2020/ - Chaim Freedman, October 2020 — https://smud.mateosmud.xyz/en/family-tree/freedman-october-2020/ - Oral tradition — https://smud.mateosmud.xyz/en/family-tree/oral-tradition/ --- The Smud Family · genealogical research by Mateo Smud, published under CC0 1.0. Machine index: https://smud.mateosmud.xyz/en/llms.txt