Those who helped

Credits

This research was not done alone.

A debt of recognition

Much of this work would not exist without a typed document that Rubén, son of Alejandro and grandson of Felix, wrote in October 1996. There were no digitised archives or online databases then: Rubén rebuilt the story by asking those who could still tell it, above all Alejandro and Aida.

What stands out is that he took care to separate what he knew for certain from what he only supposed. Thirty years later, when the original documents surfaced, almost everything he had written proved accurate: the arrival date, the name of the ship, the city where the family lived, Felix's trade, even the Baltic origin of the surname.

Read the whole document, scanned and transcribed (in Spanish)

How to cite

Smud, Mateo. La familia Smud (Zhmuydya · Zhmood · Zhmud · Zmud): de Ludza a Entre Ríos. [The Smud Family: From Ludza to Entre Ríos.] 2026. https://smud.mateosmud.xyz/en/

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